Armature



Nov. 3, 1931. v. G. APPLE 1,830,456

ARMATURE Filed Sept. 26. 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet l 22 Fi .Z1

if 23 Q Fig ,3.

Nov. 3, 1931. v. 6. APPLE 1,330,456

ARMATURE Filed Sept. 26. 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Nov. 3, 1931 PATENT OFFICE VINCENT G. APPLE, OF DAYTON, OHIO ARMATURE Application filed September 26, 1929. Serial No. 395,429.

This invention relates to armatures for dynamo electric machines and particularly to those having two layer bar windings and a commutator.

An object of the invention is to provide a structure wherein the ends of the inner layer of conductor bars are combined with an equal number of simple stampings to compose a commutator.

I attain this object by proceeding in the manner hereinafter described, the description being supplemented bythe accompanying drawings wherein' Fig. 1 is a cross section through Fig. 2 at 11 and shows the cross sectional contour of the bar stock which I employ for the winding of my armature.

Fig. 2 shows a length of bar stock which has, been offset as one step in the making of a turn of the winding therefrom.

Fig. 3 shows the offset bar Fig. 2 after it 'is further bent to compose a winding loop.

Fig. 4 is an end view of Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a core wherein a proper number of loops Fig. 3 are assembled, the ends of the loops extending through and beyond the core.

Fig. 6 shows a single pair of the loop ends extending from a core, and a tool adapted to bend the extending end of the inner layer bar inwardly toward the core axis.

Fig. 7 is anend view of the tool shown in Figs. 6 and 8 in position.

Fig. 8 shows the core with the single pair of bars after the extending end of the inner layer bar has been bent inwardly toward the axis of the core.

Fig. 9 is an end view of the core after all of the inner layer bars have been bent inwardly like the single bar shown in Fig. 8.

Fig. 10 shows the outline of a sheet metal stampingwhich serves the twofold purpose of end connector and as part of a commutator segment.

Fig. 11 shows the stamping Fig. 10 after it is bent to form a connecter.

Fig. 12 is an end view of the armature after the connecters shown in Fig. 11 have been assembled on the ends of the bars.

Fig. 13 is a vertical axial section through a mold which I employ for forming a core of insulation about the ends of the winding to compose a commutator thereof.

Fig. 14 is a transverse section taken at 14-14 of Fig. 13.

Similar numerals refer to similar parts throughout the several views.

To provide bar winding loops according to my invention I select bar stock of a cross sectional contour 20, Fig. 1 and offset itedgewise as at 21, near the middle of its length, leaving the bar 22 somewhat shorter than the bar 23, beveling the end of the bar 23 as at 25, and bending the bar at 21, 26 and 27 to form the loop herein generally desig nated by the numeral 28, (see Figs. 3 and 4), wherein the bar 22 is adapted to compose a half turn of the winding and be located in the outer layer thereof, and the bar 23 is adapted to compose a half turn of the winding and be located in the inner layer thereof.

Fig. 5 shows a structure comprising a core 30 having a plurality of winding apertures 31 into which an equal number of loops 28 have been assembled, so that the bars 22 and the bars 23 extend through and beyond the end of the core in two concentric cylindrical rows, the bars of the inner row extending beyond the core farther than the bars of the lindrical row of bars 23.

For clearness, in Fig. 6, the core is shown with but a single pair of bars 22 and 23. A tool 33 has an opening 35 (see end View Figs. 7) adapted to slide easily over bar 23. Means not shown is provided to move the tool 33 inward and at the same time toward the core, keeping the opening 35 at all times parallel to the armature axis, offsetting a small part of the bar as at 36 and bringing the remainder to the position shown in Fig. 8. And while but a single tool 33, bending but a single bar 23 is shown, a machine wherein a plurality of tools 33 operate simultaneously to ofiset all of the bars 23 as at 36, Fig. 8, is preferably employed in actual practice.

When the entire number of bars 23 have been offset as at 36, Fig. 8, the ends will be arranged in a cylindrical ring of relatively small diameter, with relatively narrow spaces 37 between the ends, (see end view Fig. 9). Winding turns may now lie-completed by connecting bars of one layer to a-ngularly spaced apart bars of the other layer in pairs, and for this purpose special end connecters are provided.

The blank Fig. 10 is preferably, punched from sheet metal but it may be made by bending a length of strip stock edgewise to a right angle as at 38, if desired. The limb 140 of the angle has its end beveled at 25 to correspond to the beveled end 25' of the bar 23.. Limb 4 0 is preferably of the same width as the bar stock composing the bar 23, while the other limb 42 may lbG'WldGl if desired. Fig. 11. shows hou a blank-Fig. 10is bent to form a connecter 43 wherein the limb 40 remains the same but the limb 42is bent to involute form with its end further bent to form an eye adapted to fit over the end of abar122. 7

I In Fig. 12 a number of connectors 43 equal to the number of loops 28 are shown in place with limbs 40 arranged alongside of bars 23 in pairs, a limb 40 and a bar 23 together composing a commutator segment 44 and with the eyes 45 placed over, and electrically joined .to the ends of the bars 22. The dimensions of the several parts must be such that even after the limbs 40 have been inserted in the spaces 37, Fig. 9 there will still be left a s'ufli- 7 known the joints which must be made hetween the involute end connecters and the inher layer bars are most inaccessible. The limbs 40 may be soldered, welded or similarcylinder having a thick flan 1y joined to the bars 23 to compose the seg ments 44 or they may be held in intimate electrical contact one with another by the core of insulation which is afterward molded about them.

Figs. 13 and 14 show the mold 47 into which I place the structure Fig. 12 to mold a core of insulation about the segments 44 and their beveled ends 25 and about the connecters 43 to hold them rigidly in proper spaced relation and to keep them insulated one from another. The mold comprises a base 48 carrying a central core 49. A cylinder 50 is concentrically supported on base 48. A ring 51 is fitted to revolve freely about cylinder 50. In the lower edge of ring 51 bevel gear teeth 52 are cut, while the upper edge contains a spirally cut scroll 53. A plain shoulder 54 over which the teeth 52 do not extend limits downward axial movement of the ring. A 56 at its lower end is fastened by screws 5 to the top of cylinder 50. The thick flange 56 has cut in its lower side a series of radially extending "grooves 58 each of which contains a jaw 59 having a tang 60 at its inner end (see Fig. 14) and scroll teeth 61 adapted to mesh with scroll 53 of ring 51, in its lower edge. A hand wrench 62 carries pinion 63 adapted'to mesh with teeth 52 of ring 51'to revolve the ring and by means of the scroll 53 to move jaws 59 radially inward or outward, depending on the direction in which the wrench 62 is turned. A plunger 64 is slidahle into cylinder 55 and over central core 49. The mold operates as follows:

lVith plunger 64 removed from thecylinder 55 and the mold body 50 removed from base 48 the structure Fig. 12 is placed over central stud 49. With wrench 62 jaws 59 are! A clearance space 65 permits the segments" to spring radially outward slightly to increase the space between them and allow tangs 60 to enter freely.

Wrench 62 is now turned to move jaws 59 radially inward to clamp the two parts 23 and 40 of a segment tightly together as in a vise. A proper quantity of unmolded insulation is then put into cylinder 55 and, with the plunger 64, is compacted and hardened between and about the segments 44 and the beveled ends 25 to compose a commutator and through and about the connecters 43 to hold them rigid. hen jaws 59 are withdrawn the armature and completed commutator are readily removed from the mold.

Having described my invention, I claim 1. In an armature having a core and a two layer bar winding, a turn of said winding comprising a loop and anend connector, said loop comprising a bar of the outer layer and an angularly spaced apart bar of the inner layer joined together at one end, the outer layer bar being considerably shorter than the inner layer bar, both bars extending through, and the inner layer bar considerably beyond, the end of the core, the inner layer bar being ofi'set radially inward at the end of the core leaving the remainder of the extending end axially parallel but closer to the core axis, and said end connector oining the end of the outer layer bar to an angularly spaced apart axially parallel end of another inner layer bar.

2. In a dynamo electric machine armature, a core, a two layer bar winding extending through and beyond the core in two axially parallel cylindrical rows, the inner row extending considerably farther beyond the end of the core than the outer row and being radially ofi'set with the ends in a cylindrical row of considerably less diameter than the core contained portion, and connecters joining the ends of the bars of the outer row to the radially olfset ends of angularly spaced apart bars of the inner row.

3. In an armature, a core, a two layer bar I winding extending through and beyond the core in two axially parallel cylindrical rows, the inner row extending considerably farther beyond the endof the core than the outer row and being radially offset with the ends in a cylindrical row of considerably less diameter than the core contained portion and composing the segments of a commutator, and connecters extending from the outer ends of the inner layer alongside each radially offset bar end, thence outwardly to the end of an angularly spaced apart bar of the outer layer.

4. In an armature, a core, a two layer bar winding extending through and beyond the core in two axially parallel cylindrical rows, the inner row extending considerably farther beyond the end of the core than the outer row and being radially offset with the ends in a cylindrical row of considerably less diameter than the core contained portion and composing commutator segments, and connecters of right angle form each having one limb lying alongside a commutator segment, and the other limb extending in an involute path and having its outer end joined to the end of an angularly spaced apart bar of the outer layer.

5. In an armature, a core, a two layer bar winding extending through and beyond the core in two axially parallel cylindrical rows, the ends of the outer row being cut off straight and the ends of the inner row being beveled, the inner row extending considerably farther beyond the end of the core than the outer row and being radially oflset with the ends in a cylindrical row of considerably less diameter than the core contained portion and composing commutator segments, connecters having 

